What type of transformer delivers power at a lower voltage but higher current?

A transformer designed to deliver power at a lower voltage but higher current is known as a step-down transformer. The primary function of a step-down transformer is to reduce the voltage from a higher primary level to a lower secondary level, which results in an increase in current. This is in accordance with the principle of power conservation, where the power input (voltage multiplied by current) equals the power output, assuming no significant losses.

As the voltage decreases in the step-down transformer, the current on the secondary side must increase proportionally to maintain the balance of power, given that power (P) is equal to voltage (V) multiplied by current (I). For instance, if the primary winding receives 120 volts and the transformer steps this down to 12 volts, the current on the secondary side will be ten times greater, assuming no losses, thus allowing for more power to be delivered at a lower voltage.

In contrast, other types of transformers serve different purposes, such as increasing voltage (step-up transformer), providing electrical isolation without changing voltage levels (isolation transformer), or adjusting voltages while varying current in a specific way (auto transformer). Understanding the function and application of these transformers is crucial for effective electrical design and implementation.